01840nas a2200217   4500000000100000000000100001008004100002260000800043100001000051700001400061700001200075700002200087700001600109700001300125245006400138856004700202300001600249490000700265520133600272022001401608       2019                            d  cNov1 aYe Ye1 aXiao Hang1 aJin Koh1 aJaroslaw Miszczak1 aKang Cheong1 aNeng Xie00aRatcheting based on neighboring niches determines lifestyle  uhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-019-05290-1  a1821–18300 v983 a<p>In this paper, a co-evolution method of game dynamics and network structure is adopted to demonstrate that neighboring niches of an individual or population may have great influence in determining lifestyle adoption. The model encompasses network structure evolution, denoted CaseA, and pure games participated in by individuals in the network with two asymmetric branches determining winning and losing states, denoted Case B. The selection between game branches is dependent on the demographic of neighboring niches, and favorable or unfavorable effects from the neighborhood can be made to manifest by setting probabilistic game parameters. Theoretical analysis reveals that losing configurations of Case B, when stochastically mixed with neutral Case A, can result in paradoxical winning scenarios where the network experiences positive gain–-a Parrondo's paradox-like phenomenon has therefore emerged. It is elucidated that agitation from Case A increases the probability of individuals to play the favorable branch of Case B, leading to unexpected gains in two distinct parameter regimes. In the paradoxical regions, our analysis suggests strongly that neighboring niches are the cause for evolution toward social or solitary lifestyle behaviors, and we present important connections to real-world biological life.</p>
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